Bio:
Email: 487432634@qq.com
马笑梅(2005—),女,大学本科在读,专业为自然地理与资源环境;487432634@qq.com
为研究滴灌条件下,不同氮磷钾肥配施对制种玉米生长、产量及种子质量的影响,开展了田间小区试验。试验以不施肥(CK)为对照处理,设置了习惯施肥T1(N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶0.7∶0.5)、高磷配比T2(N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶0.9∶0.6)、高磷高钾配比T3(N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶1.2∶0.9)等3个不同氮磷钾配比处理,考察了各处理制种玉米的株高、叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)、叶面积指数(LAI)、叶夹角、生物量、产量、种子质量以及经济效益等指标。结果表明:在大喇叭口期,T3处理的SPAD值和LAI较CK、T1处理的分别显著提高了17.44%、16.36%和37.78%、32.99%;在成熟期,T3处理与CK、T1处理相比,总生物量分别显著增加了85.62%、67.06%,产量分别显著提高了110.00%、31.61%,经济效益最理想;T3处理收获的玉米种子的发芽势较CK、T1处理的分别显著提高了14.12%、10.23%,T2、T3处理的发芽率均较CK处理的显著提升了3.09%。高磷高钾处理的制种玉米各项指标较优。
A field plot experiment is conducted to investigate the effects of different nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer ratios on the growth, yield, and seed quality of seed maize under drip irrigation. With no fertilization (CK) as the control, three different N∶P2O5∶K2O nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio treatments are established: conventional fertilization (T1, N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶0.7∶0.5), high-phosphorus ratio (T2, N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶0.9∶0.6), and high-phosphorus high-potassium ratio (T3, N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶1.2∶0.9). Parameters including plant height, chlorophyll relative content (SPAD value), leaf area index (LAI), leaf angle, biomass, yield, seed quality, and economic benefit of seed maize under each treatment are examined. The results show that at the bell-mouth stage, the SPAD value and LAI of the T3 treatment are significantly increased by 17.44%, 16.36% and 37.78%, 32.99%, respectively, compared with the CK and T1 treatments. At the maturity stage, compared with the CK and T1 treatments, the T3 treatment significantly increases total biomass by 85.62% and 67.06%, significantly increases yield by 110.00% and 31.61%, and achieves the most ideal economic benefit. The germination potential of maize seeds from the T3 treatment is significantly increased by 14.12% and 10.23%, respectively, compared with the CK and T1 treatments, while the germination index of the T2 and T3 treatments is significantly increased by 3.09% compared with the CK treatment. The seed maize under the high-phosphorus high-potassium ratio treatment exhibits superior performance across all indicators.