Bio:
Email: 18608635700@163.com
常云(1974—),男,大学本科,农艺师,研究方向为新型肥料;18608635700@163.com
为探究控失复合肥在根层土壤的养分释放特性及其对甜玉米养分吸收和产量、品质的影响,分别开展了以施用普通复合肥为对照处理的盆栽和田间试验。盆栽试验结果表明:随着浇水次数的增加,根层土壤中碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量呈先上升后下降的变化趋势,控失复合肥处理的根层土壤养分含量的变化幅度小于普通复合肥处理的;浇水30次时,控失复合肥处理的0~10 cm根层土壤中碱解氮和速效钾的含量较普通复合肥处理的分别提高35.9%和29.7%,说明控失复合肥具有更长的养分释放特性。田间试验结果表明:控失复合肥处理的甜玉米根系鲜质量较普通复合肥处理的提高4.24%,鲜苞产量提高5.63%,植株中氮、磷、钾的吸收量分别增加6.72%、2.94%、5.47%;籽粒中可溶性总糖含量提高6.30%,淀粉含量下降7.29%。施用控失复合肥不仅可以促进甜玉米养分吸收、提高产量,还能改善其品质。
To investigate the nutrient release characteristics of loss-controlled compound fertilizer in the root-zone soil and its effects on nutrient uptake, yield, and quality of sweet corn, pot and field experiments are conducted using ordinary compound fertilizer as the control treatment. The results of the pot experiment show that with increasing watering events, the contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium in the root-zone soil increase first then decrease. The variation range of nutrient content in the root-zone soil under the loss-controlled compound fertilizer treatment is narrower compared with the ordinary compound fertilizer treatment. After 30 watering events, the contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium in the 0-10 cm root-zone soil under the loss-controlled compound fertilizer treatment are 35.9% and 29.7% higher than those under the ordinary compound fertilizer treatment, indicating that the loss-controlled fertilizer exhibits a more prolonged nutrient release characteristics. The field experiment results demonstrate that compared with the ordinary compound fertilizer treatment, the loss-controlled compound fertilizer treatment increases the fresh root weight of sweet corn by 4.24%, fresh ear yield by 5.63%, and the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in plants by 6.72%, 2.94%, and 5.47% respectively. Furthermore, the soluble total sugar content in the grains increases by 6.30%, while the starch content decreases by 7.29%. The application of loss-controlled compound fertilizer not only promotes nutrient uptake and increases yield of sweet corn, but also improves its quality.
马一博, 魏安志, 曹卫宇. 缓释掺混肥和控失肥在玉米上的示范应用效果[J]. 肥料与健康, 2024, 51(4): 41-44. doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-7047.2024.04.007